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Archive for August, 2011

Bank Exam Special-Things to Know

Posted by admin On August - 30 - 2011

The first bank in India to be given an ISO Certification
-Canara Bank

The first bank in Northern India to get ISO 9002 certification for their selected branches
-Punjab and Sind Bank

The first Indian bank to have been started solely with Indian capital
-Punjab National Bank

The first among the private sector banks in Kerala to become a scheduled bank in 1946 under the RBI Act
-South Indian Bank

India’s oldest, largest and most successful commercial bank, offering the widest possible range of domestic, international and NRI products and services, through its vast network in India and overseas
-State Bank of India

India’s second largest private sector bank and is now the largest scheduled commercial bank in India
-The Federal Bank Limited

Bank which started as private shareholders banks, mostly Europeans shareholders
-Imperial Bank of India

The first Indian bank to open a branch outside India in London in 1946 and the first to open a branch in continental Europe at Paris in 1974
-Bank of India, founded in 1906 in Mumbai

The oldest Public Sector Bank in India having branches all over India and serving the customers for the last 132 years
-Allahabad Bank

The first Indian commercial bank which was wholly owned and managed by Indians
-Central Bank of India

Bank of India was founded in 1906 in Mumbai. It became the first Indian bank to open a branch outside India in London in 1946 and the first to open a branch in continental Europe at Paris in 1974.

Public Sector Banks

  • Allahabad Bank

  • Andhra Bank

  • Bank of Baroda

  • Bank of India

  • Bank of Maharashtra

  • Canara Bank

  • Central Bank of India

  • Corporation Bank

  • Dena Bank

  • Indian Bank

  • Indian Overseas Bank

  • Oriental Bank of Commerce

  • Punjab & Sind Bank

  • Punjab National Bank

  • Syndicate Bank

  • UCO Bank

  • Union Bank of India

  • United Bank of India

  • Vijaya Bank

Private Banks in India

  • Bank of Punjab

  • Bank of Rajasthan

  • Catholic Syrian Bank

  • Centurion Bank

  • City Union Bank

  • Dhanalakshmi Bank

  • Development Credit Bank

  • Federal Bank

  • HDFC Bank

  • ICICI Bank

  • IDBI Bank

  • IndusInd Bank

  • ING Vysya Bank

  • Jammu & Kashmir Bank

  • Karnataka Bank

  • Karur Vysya Bank

  • Laxmi Vilas Bank

  • South Indian Bank

  • United Western Bank

  • UTI Bank

Foreign Banks in India

  • ABN-AMRO Bank

  • Abu Dhabi Commercial Bank

  • Bank of Ceylon

  • BNP Paribas Bank

  • Citi Bank

  • China Trust Commercial Bank

  • Deutsche Bank

  • HSBC

  • JPMorgan Chase Bank

  • Standard Chartered Bank

  • Scotia Bank

  • Taib Bank

1. ‘Food For Oil’ programme running in which of the following countries was in news recently ?
(A) Kuwait
(B) Iran
(C) Iraq
(D) Lebanon
(E) None of these

2. The ‘Supreme Court of India’ recently declared which of the following proclamations unconstitutional ?
(A) Formation of an enquiry commission to probe Volcker Reports
(B) Dissolution of Bihar Assembly
(C) Setting up another commission in place of Phukan Commission
(D) Setting up a commission headed by an eminent diplomat to investigate recent Bomb Blast in Delhi instead of allowing CBI to do the same
(E) None of these

3. Which of the following is true about the recent discussion on the tariff reduction formulae proposed at the WTO ?
(A) India accepted the formulae presented by South Africa as it more or less matches with the formulae presented by it. South Africa was given the responsibility to find an amicably acceptable solution to the same
(B) India along with several others presented a formulae which was accepted by the USA but the EU refused to accept it
(C) USA, Australia and EU presented a formulae which is not acceptable to India
(D) India wishes to resign from the membership of the WTO as it is not ready sacrifice the interests of the agriculturists of India
(E) None of these

4. Which of the following European Countries was recently in news as violent riots broke out there ?
(A) Italy
(B) Germany
(C) Spain
(D) France
(E) None of these

5. Sunil Mittal is adjudged the ‘Business Leader of the Year’ by which of the following news paper/magazines ?
(A) Businessworld
(B) Business India
(C) Economic Times
(D) Business Standard
(E) None of these

6. Thomas C. Schelling and Robert J. Aumann won the ‘Nobel Prize-2005’ for their contribution in the field of—
(A) Physics
(B) Economics
(C) Chemistry
(D) Literature
(E) None of these

]7. India, recently decided to conduct a joint air exercise with which of the following countries ?
(The exercise was in news recently as a group of people was not in favour of such joint ventures)
(A) Britain
(B) Sri Lanka
(C) China
(D) France
(E) USA

8. India wants that the UN Security Council must have at least—
(A) 5 permanent members including India and China
(B) 7 permanent members including India and China
(C) 9 permanent members including India and China
(D) 11 permanent members including India and Pakistan
(E) 15 permanent members in both permanent and non-permanent category

9. Which of the following states was badly hit by a killer earthquake in October 2005 ?
(A) Himachal Pradesh
(B) Punjab
(C) Gujarat
(D) Haryana
(E) Jammu & Kashmir

10. R. K. Surati who won four Gold Medals in a Championship held in Pretoria recently is associated with which of the following games/sports ?
(A) Rifle Shooting
(B) Archery
(C) Power lifting
(D) 400 mt. Race
(E) None of these

11. Which of the following companies is not an IT/Software company ?
(A) Infosys
(B) Wipro
(C) NIIT
(D) Rolex
(E) All are IT/Software Companies

12. Which of the following is not a banking/finance related term ?
(A) NPA
(B) NAV
(C) Liquidity
(D) NAFTA
(E) IPO

13. Rahul Dravid was appointed the Captain of the Indian Cricket Team for one day series against which of the following ?
(1) Sri Lanka
(2) South Africa
(3) Australia
(A) Only (1)
(B) Only (2)
(C) Only (1) and (2)
(D) Only (3)
(E) (1), (2) and (3) all

14. ‘Nalchik’ which was recently in news, is a city in—
(A) Italy
(B) France
(C) Germany
(D) China
(E) Russia

15. Anju Bobby George won Gold Medal in 16th Asian Atheletics Meet held recently. The meet was organized in—
(A) South Korea
(B) India
(C) China
(D) Pakistan
(E) None of these

16. Who amongst the following is the Chairman of the Central Information Commission (CIC) set up recently under the Right to Information Act ?
(A) Sam Pitroda
(B) M. S. Swaminathan
(C) Rakesh Mohan
(D) Wajahat Habibullah
(E) None of these

17. The 13th SAARC meet was held in—
(A) Dhaka
(B) Kathmandu
(C) Islamabad
(D) New Delhi
(E) None of these

18. Who amongst the following is the author of the book ‘The Mathematical Theory of Black Holes’ ? (The author is regarded a great astrophysicists of the modern times)
(A) Dr. C. V. Raman
(B) Dr. J. V. Narlikar
(C) Dr. S. Chandrashekhar
(D) Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha
(E) Dr. Vikram Sarabhai

19. Asian Junior Table Tennis Championship matches were played recently in—
(A) China
(B) India
(C) South Korea
(D) Singapore
(E) None of these

20. Mr. Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri is the—
(A) External Affairs Minister of Pakistan
(B) External Affairs Minister of Bangladesh
(C) Home Minister of Pakistan
(D) Home Minister of Bangladesh
(E) None of these


Answers

1. (E) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (B)
5. (C)
Sunil Bharti Mittal is adjudged the ‘Business Leader of the Award’ by the Economic Times news paper in the year 2005.
6. (B) The Nobel Prize winners in Economics in the field of ‘Game Theory Analysis’ in the year 2005 were Thomas C. Schelling and Robert J. Aumann (Jointly).
7. (C) 8. (C) 9. (E) 10. (C) 11. (D) 12. (D) 13. (E) 14. (E) 15. (A) 16. (D) 17. (A)18. (C) 19. (C) 20. (E)

Bank Exam Preperation-Solved Papers

Posted by admin On August - 30 - 2011

1) In the Union Budget 2011-12, Finance Minister Pranab Mukherjee proposed to increase the Income Tax Exemption Limit   for individual tax payers from Rs 1 lakh 60 thousand to _?
a.1 lakh 80 thousand
b.1 lakh 90 thousand
c. 2 lakh
d.2 lakh 20 thousand

2) A team from Dalhousie University in Halifax, Canada, discovered that a green alga invades tiny developing salamander embryos.  What is this phenomenon called?
a)Symbiosis
b)Photosynthesis
c) Ecdysis
d) Aestivation
3) Which of the following Bollywood Actress won the Best Actress trophy at the 13th London Asian Film Festival for her performance in Onir’s I AM?
a.Nandita Das
b.Juhi Chawla
c.Tabu
d.Konkona Sen Sharma

4) Noted Social worker Anna Hazare on 5 April 2011 started his hunger strike  at Jantar Mantar in New Delhi to protest against the reported delay in bringing in which of the following bills to effectively deal with corruption?
a. Lokpal Bill
b. The Competition (Amendment) Bill
c. The Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India Bill
d. The Appropriation (No.3 ) Bill

5) Who won the National Jute Board-Kolkata international squash at Calcutta Racket Club on 3 April 2011 after defeating Omar Mosaad?
a.Karim Darwish
b.Khawaja Adil Maqbool
c. Ritwik Bhattacharya
d. Peter Nicol

6) Read the following statements:
1.He won the ATP Miami Masters crown by defeating Nadal and thus remained unbeaten in 2011.
2.He captured all four titles- the Australian Open, Dubai, elite Masters titles at Indian Wells and Miami in 2011.
3.He had won his first Miami Masters title in 2007.
4.He joined Roger Federer, Andre Agassi and Pete Sampras as the only players to win the Australian Open, Indian Wells and Miami in the same year.Identify the tennis player being referred to.
a.Novak Djokovic
b.Roger Federer
c. Andy Murray
d.Rafael Nadal

7) At the National Conference on Kharif Strategies, Agriculture Minister Sharad Pawar on 6 April 2011 mentioned that India has achieved an all-time high production of foodgrains. What was the estimation regarding foodgain production in 2010-11?
a.235.88 million tonnes
b.215 million tonnes
c. 261.34 million tonnes
d. 222.66 million tonnes

8) Which of the following steel plants in India achieved record production of 5.71 million tonnes (mt) of hot metal (a 6.3 per cent growth over 2009-10), 5.33 mt of crude steel (4.3 per cent) and 4.57 mt of saleable steel (4.3 per cent)?
a.Bhillai Steel Plant
b.Rourkela Steel Plant
c. Bokaro Steel Plant
d.Salem Steel Plant
9) The Department of Information Technology (DIT) on 5 April 2011 published a draft policy on which of the following to enable the government departments to provide services, including payment of utility bills and filing of tax with the use of a medium?
a.Mobile governance
b.E-governance
c. Service Delivery Gateway
d.Applications Inter-operability

10) Which of the following was not proposed in the Union Budget 2011-12 presented by pranab Mukherjee?
1.Special vehicles were proposed to be created in the form of Infrastructure Debt Funds to attract foreign funds.
2.Rs. 300 crore expenditure was proposed to promote horticulture centres in rain fed areas for increasing crop productivity.
3.For the manufacturing sector, the budget proposed reduction of basic customs duty on raw silk from 30 to 5 per cent.
4.Concessional 10 per cent Excise Duty was also proposed for fuel cell or Hydrogen cell-technology-based vehicles.

a.1 & 3
b.Only 2
c.Only 4
d.3 & 4

11) Sectors                                                                   Budgetary Allocations
1.Agriculture & Allied Activities                         A. Rs 14362 crore
2.Rural Development                                     B. Rs  38852 crore
3.Defence Sector                                           C. Rs 55438 crore
4.Industries & Minerals                                   D. Rs 164415 crore
A  B  C  D
a.1  4  2  3
b.2  1  3  4
c. 3  1  4  2
d.4  2  3  1

12) In the Budget it was proposed to provide sum of money for implementation of vegetable initiative to set in motion a virtuous cycle of higher production and incomes for the farmers. What was the proposed amount?
a.Rs 500 crore
b.Rs 300 crore
c. Rs 10000 crore
d. Rs 650 crore

13) According to an extensive genetic study on modern humans, two conclusions were drawn out.
i) There is an enormous amount of diversity in the African hunter-gatherer populations.
ii) The genetic diversity among 27 present-day African populations originated in southern Africa and progressed to northern Africa.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) Both i and ii
b) Neither I and ii
c)  Only i
d) Only ii

14) A massive Tsunami caused by a devastating earthquake of the 8.9 magnitude hit about 400 km north-east of Tokyo, capital of Japan. Consider the following statements regarding Tsunami.
i) A Tsunami is a series of ocean waves that sends surges of water, reaching heights of over 100 feet onto land.
ii) Most tsunamis, about 80 percent, happen within the Pacific Ocean’s Ring of Fire, a geologically active area where tectonic shifts make earthquakes and volcanoes common.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) Both i and ii
b) Only i
c) Only ii
d) Neither i nor ii

15) Which one of the following Indian states recently released a Braille version of the RTI (Right to Information) Act and its rules for the benefit of visually challenged?
a) Gujarat
b) Bihar
c) Haryana
d) Madhya Pradesh

16)Engineering and construction major L&T announced that it has achieved financial closure for which of the following with the help of 10-bank consortium led by SBI pitching in with Rs 11478 crore debt?
a.Kolkata Metro Rail Project
b.Pune Metro Project
c.Delhi Metro project
d.Hyderabad Metro Rail project

17) Indian cricket captain Mahendra Singh Dhoni was offered and accepted the honour of being chosen to get an honorary commission in which of the following?
a.Indian Navy
b.Territorial Army
c. Indian Air Force
d. Indian Para-military Force

18) Which of the following real estate firms on 5 April 2011 announced a gift in the shape of villas worth Rs. 9 crore to skipper M.S. Dhoni and his teammates following their victory in the World Cup 2011?
a.DLF
b.Amrapali
c. Unitech
d.Tata Construction & Projects Ltd

19) Roger Federer won his fourth Australian Open Tennis Championship and 16th Grand Slam on 31 Jan 2010. Who did he defeat in the final of the Australian Open 2010?
a. Rafael Nadal
b. Andy Murray
c. Fred Perry
d. Rod Laver
20) Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana was proposed to be being extended to the beneficiaries of which of the following Union Government schemes?
a.Mahatma Gandhi NREGA beneficiaries
b.Beneficiaries of Swavlamban pension scheme
c.Indira Gandhi National old Age Pension scheme beneficiaries
d.Beneficiaries of Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana

21) Which of the following companies announced their alliance with Chennai Super Kings as the official team partner for the upcoming IPL Season 4?
a. ONGC
b. Indian Oil Corporation
c. Hindusthan Petroleum
d. Gulf Oil Corporation

22) Scientists have identified five genes which raise the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Consider the following statements regarding Alzheimer’s disease.
i) Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of Dementia.
ii) Problems that happen due to the Alzheimer’s are personality-disorder, decision making, abstract thinking and loss of initiative.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a) Only i
b) Only ii
c)  Both i and ii
d) Neither i nor ii

23) A giant predatory theropod dinosaur, similar in stature and size to Tyrannosaurus rex, has been identified by palaeontologists. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
i) The new dinosaur, named Zhuchengtyrannus magnus, probably stood four metres tall, was 11 metres long and weighed around six tonnes.
ii) Like T. rex, it was a carnivore with huge powerful jaws.
iii) It ran on back legs, with small front limbs.
a) Only i and ii
b) Only i and iii
c)  Only ii and iii
d)  All i, ii and iii are correct

24) Solvay, the Belgian soda ash maker which sold a drugs unit a year ago, agreed to buy which of the following French companies to add specialty chemicals spanning ingredients for moisturisers and car-part polymers?
a.Rhodia
b.Danisco
c.Cognis
d.Le Zèbre

25) Gilead Sciences, a California based bio-pharmaceutical research firm, and its patent partner, Roche Holding AG, have sued which of the following Indian generic drug makers in March 2011 for allegedly infringing a US patent for Tamiflu, a drug used in treatment of bird and swine-flu infections?
a.Dr Reddy’s
b.Natco Pharma
c. Ranbaxy Laboratories
d. GlaxoSmithKline
26) AT&T on Sunday announced that it had agreed to buy T-Mobile USA from which of the following telecom companies for $39 billion?
a.Deutsche Telekom
b.Sprint Nextel
c.Verizon Wireless
d.Comcast

27) What is the prize-money of the golf tournament ‘Avantha Masters’ that began on 11 Feb 2010?
a. €1.5 million
b. €1 million
c. €2.5 million
d. €2 million
28) An international team of scientists, led by the Australian National University recently discovered evidence that the body’s immune cells often share information about foreign substances with each other to ward of invaders. The study can help increase the immunity level in human body against pathogens and cancer. Which of the followings are the symptoms of Cancer?
i) Weight Loss
ii) Excessive Sweating
iii) Lumps and Swelling (tumour)
iv) Enlargement of Spleen
Please choose the correct option:
a) i, ii, iii and iv
b) i and ii only
c)  i, ii and iii
d) only i

29) Which of the following companies in April 2011 filed a petition in the Supreme Court to block penal action initiated by the Income Tax authorities on its contested $2.5-billion tax bill?

a. Vodafone International
b. Bharti Airtel
c. Uninor
d. Tata Teleservices

30) Vivendi agreed to buy Vodafone Group’s 44% stake in which of the French mobile-phone operator’s for euro 7.95 billion ($11.3 billion) to win full control of its largest unit and secure more stable earnings?
a.T-Mobile
b.Orange
c. Virgin Mobile
d. SFR

31) A consortium comprising two companies acquired the IPL’s global Internet, mobile and audio rights, along with television rights in specific territories outside India, for the next four years. The consortium bagged the rights with a winning bid of Rs 261.6 crore in Chennai on 20 March 2011. Which are the two companies included in the consortium?
a. TIL & Nimbus Communication
b. Reliance Big Pictures & Zoom
c. TIL & Colors
d. Zoom and UTV Motion Pictures

32) Which chess player won his maiden Grand Master norm in the Chennai Open 2010 International Grand Master chess tournament on 1 Feb 2010?
a. R. Siddharth of Chennai
b. Kravtsiv of Ukraine
c. P. Shyam Nikhil of Tamil Nadu
d. Maxim Turov of Russia

33) Who was appointed member of ICC Cricket Committee as a representative of national coaches on 11 Feb 2010?
a. Gary Kirsten
b. Mark Taylor
c. Kumar Sangakkara
d. Tim May
34) At the European Geosciences Union meeting in Vienna, the scientists calculated that the Earth sees about __ thunderstorms every hour.
a) 670
b) 580
c) 760
d) 960

35) HCL Technologies on Thursday announced the expansion of its Smart Grid partner ecosystem by entering into strategic alliances with two data management software firms focused on the smart grid market. Which are the two firms with which HCL has entered into an alliance?
1. Infosys
2. eMeter
3. Cape Gemini
4. Tridium
a. 1 & 2
b. 2 & 3
c.  2 & 4
d. 1 & 4

36) The Gujarat Government banned controversial book, entitled Great Soul: Mahatma Gandhi and his struggle with India. Who is the author of the book?
a) Joseph Lelyveld
b) Joseph Ponting
c) Hugh Grant
d) Vikram Seth

37) Which one of the following states imposed a blanket ban on plastic bags?
a) Delhi
b) Haryana
c) Himachal Pradesh
d)Tamil Nadu

38) Who is the Chairperson of the Central Board Film Certification?
a) Sharmila Tagore
b) Karan Johar
c)  Nafisa Ali
d) Om Puri
e) None of these

39) Ali Akbar Salehi is the foreign minister of
a) Israel
b) Iran
c) Afghanistan
d) Indonesia

40) Who is the new chief of Research and Analysis Wing (RAW)?
a) AP Singh
b) Arun Shourie
c) Sanjeev Tripathi
d) BK Gupta

41) When is the National Youth Day observed?
a) January 14
b) February 14
c)  August 31
d) January 12

42) What is Tejas?
A) Spacecraft
B) Missile
C) Submarine
D) Light combat aircraft

43) Who became the world number one badminton player?
a) Saina Nehwal
b) Wang Xin
c) Sania Mirza
d) Wang Shixian

44) Name the cricketer who beat Michael Clarke by a comfortable 15-vote margin to bag the Allan Border Medal besides being named Australia’s ODI Player of the Year in Feb 2010?
a. Shane Watson
b. Simon Katich
c. Mitchell Johnson
d. Sachin Tendulkar

45) In India’s first sale of rupee perpetual bonds by a non-finance company Rs 1500 crore ($332 million) was raised. Name the non-finance company.

a.Tata Steel
b.Pantallons Retail
c. RIL
d.Maruti Suzuki

46) With his victory in the men’s large hill ski jump on 20 Feb 2010 at the Vancouver Olympics, he became the first person to win four individual gold ski jumping medals. Name this sportsperson.
a. Simon Ammann (Switzerland)
b. Ahonen Janne (Finland)
c. Alexander Nicholas (USA)
d. Bardal Anders (Norway)

47) The Indian Government in April 2011 issued a notice to which of the following companies to terminate licences for Kerala, West Bengal and Assam for delay in roll- out of services in these three circles?
a.Sistema Shyam Teleservices
b.Tata Teleservices
c. Reliance
d. BSNL

48) Open market operations, one of the measures taken by RBI in order to control credit expansion in the economy means —
(A) Sale or purchase of Govt. securities
(B) Issuance of different types of bonds
(C) Auction of gold
(D) To make available direct finance to borrowers
(E) None of these

49) Capital Market Regulator is—
(A) RBI
(B) IRDA
(C) NSE
(D) BSE
(E) SEBI

50) As we all know Govt. of India collects tax revenue on various activities in the country. Which of the following is a part of the tax revenue of the Govt.?
(i)  Tax on Income
(ii)  Tax on Expenditure
(iii) Tax on Property or Capital Asset
(iv) Tax on Goods and Services

(A) Both (i) and (iii) only
(B) Both (ii) and (iv) only
(C) All (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(D) Only (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(E) None of these

ANSWERS:
1) A 2) A 3) B 4) A 5) A 6) A 7) A 8) A 9) A 10) B 11) A 12) B 13) A 14) A 15) A 16) D 17) B 18) B 19) B 20) A 21) D 22) C 23) D 24) A 25) B 26) A 27) A 28) A 29) A 30) D 31) A 32) A 33) A34) C 35) C 36) A 37) A 38) A 39) B 40) C 41) D 42) D 43) B 44) A 45) A 46) A 47) A 48) A 49) E 50) C

GENERAL AWARENESS Questions and Answers from Bank PO Exams

Posted by admin On August - 30 - 2011


1. Which period is called the ‘banking swadeshi’ period when many Indians established many banks?
1)1870-1940
2)1910-1947
3)1906-1911
4)1947-1991
5)1942-1947

2. The banks established in Swadeshi period are …………?
1) Bank of India
2) Corporation bank
3) Indian Bank
4) Bank of Baroda
5) All of the above

3. In which part of India, many banks are established, which is called the ‘Cradle of Indian Banking System’?
1) Northern Assam
2) Southern Tamilnadu
3) Eastern Rajasthan
4) Southern Karnataka
5) Western Maharastra

4. The most banks in India failed between ………… Not less than 100 banks failed due to various reasons?
1) 1923-1928
2) 1953-1958
3) 1923-1948
4) 1903-1928
5) 1913-1918

5. Which party issued a paper by name ‘Stray thoughts on Bank Nationalization’ signaling the nationalization of banks in India?
1) Communist Party of India
2) Janatha Party
3) Congress Party
4) Republican Party
5) National Conference

6. Banking Companies (Acquisition and Transfer of Undertaking) Bill passed in ……………paving way to the nationalization of banks in India?
1) 1974
2) 1969
3) 1975
4) 1981
5) 1961

7. Who said the nationalization of banks is the ‘masterstroke of political sagacity’?
1) Indira Gandhi
2) Raj Narayan
3) Jayaprakash Narayan
4) Jawahar Lal Nehru
5) Atal Bihari Vajpayee

8. How many banks were nationalized in 1969?
1) 18
2) 6
3) 14
4) 20
5) 5

9. Which bank was not nationalized in 1969?
1) Allahabad Bank
2) Bank of Baroda
3) State Bank of India
4) Bank of India
5) Bank of Maharastra

10. How many banks were nationalized as a  second dose in 1980?
1) 4
2) 9
3) 6
4) 18
5) 12

11. Bad debts mean …………?
1) amounts owed to a company that are going to be paid
2) amounts owed to a company that are not going to be paid
3) amounts owed to a company that are going to be paid within 2 years
4) amounts owed to a company that are not going to be paid within 8 years
5) None

12. GST council (Goods and Services Taxes Council) in the Constitution 115th Amendment Bill headed by ………… to make recommendations the taxes to be levied, goods to be exempted, GST rate etc?
1) Prime Minister
2) Finance Minister
3) Commerce Minister
4) Revenue Minister
5) Finance Secretary

13. The current limit of External borrowings is $ 20 billion. This Current limit is now raised to $ ………… billion?
1) 21
2) 40
3) 70
4) 60
5) 30

14. …………is not the provision of the National Land Acquisition and Rehabilitation & Resettlement Bill?
1) In the given area, least 80% of the population must agree to acquisition of land by the government.
2) Land owners to be compensated with twice the registered or stamp value of the land in urban areas and six times in rural areas.
3) Single law has the provisions of Acquisition of land and rehabilitation
4) The government can appoint middle man to have talks with the local population to decrease the compensation
5) Compensation reflects the market rates

15. Food Security Bill proposed by National Advisory Council (NAC) proposes 90% ration in Rural Areas and …………% ration in Urban Areas. (National Advisory Council headed by Sonia Gandhi)
1) 50
2) 70
3) 100
4) 90
5) 25

16. The Union government decisions are given. Pick the correct one?
1) National Legal Aid and Reforms commiscommission coming soon
2) Supreme Court ordered the return of 156 hectares of land to farmers in Uttar Pradesh, allocated to construct posh buildings.
3) The postal department issues postal stamps on President of India’s house Rastrapathi Bhavan
4) Five PIO ( Person of India Origin) universities will be set up in the future.
5) All of above

17. Project ‘Surakhya’ an Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) introduced by …………?
1) Odisha
2) Chattisgarh
3) Arunachal Pradesh
4) Madhya Pradesh
5) Goa

18. ‘Nanhe Haath Kalam Ke Saath’ ( tiny hands with pen) phase II announced against the social evil of Child Labour by …………?
1) Karnataka
2) Andhra Pradesh
3) Uttar Pradesh
4) Rajasthan
5) Goa

19. SAARC Interior Ministers conference was recently held in …………?
1) Sri Lanka
2) India
3) Afganistan
4) Bhutan
5) Nepal

20. Mahatma Gandhi led ………….listed in the top ten of the most influential protests in the world as mentioned by ‘Time magazine’?
1) Non-cooperation Movement
2) Swadeshi Movement
3) Salt Satyagraha
4) Quit India Movement
5) Champaran Satyagraha

21. A person who expects share prices in general to decline and who is likely to indulge in SHORT SALES is called …………?
1) Bear
2) Bull
3) Dog
4) Duck
5) Lame Duck

22. ………… was re elected as the UN Secretary General?
1) Irina Bocova
2) Robert Zollick
3) Ban Ki-moon
4) Hillay Clinton
5) Christine Legarde

23. Meghdoot awards conferred by …………?
1) Air India
2) Department of Water Resources
3) Postal Department
4) Department of Communications
5) Supreme Court

24. ‘Areva’ a French company belongs to following sector?
1) Nuclear
2) Toy
3) Auto makers
4) Mobiles
5) Book

25. In the list of nationalized banks, which bank was merged with Punjab National Bank in 1993?
1) Bank of India
2) Bank of Baroda
3) Andhra Bank
4) New Bank of India
5) Central Bank of India

26. …………was the prime minister of India during the nationalization of banks in 1969 and in 1980?
1) Jawahar Lal Nehru
2) Lal Bahadur Sastri
3) Indira Gandhi
4) Morarji Desaii
5) P.V.Narasimha Rao

27. Who among the following is not the present Deputy Governor of Reserve Bank of India?
1) K.C.Chakravarthy
2) Subhir Gokarn
3) Y.Malegam
4) Anand Sinha
5) H. R.khan

28. On 3 August 2011, ……….. panel submitted its report to Reserve Bank of India on ‘customer service in banks’
1) Rangarajan
2) Malegam
3) Subba Rao
4) H.R.Khan
5) Damodaran

29. …………firmly tell many rules and regulations relating to Non-Performing Assets?
1) Banking Regulation Act 1949
2) Foreign Exchange Management Act 1999
3) SEBI Act 1992
4) Indian Contract Act 1872
5) Negotiable instrument act 1881

30. On 30 June 2011 …………liberalized FDI norms by allowing the Indian companies to pay in the form of Equity in to the foreign suppliers instead of payment in the form of foreign exchange?
1) SEBI
2) Ministry of Finance
3) Ministry of Commerce
4) FDA
5) RBI

31. …………tied up with Met Life to enter in to insurance business recently?
1) Andhra Bank
2) Union Bank of India
3) Corporation bank
4) Allahabad Bank
5) Punjab National Bank

32. …………started, the saga of Liberlization of banks as a prime minister?
1) Indira Gandhi
2) Nehru
3) Lal Bahadur Sastri
4) P.V.Narasimha Rao
5) Atal Bihari Vajpayee

33. Which committee suggested the banking reforms?
1) Kalia
2) Deepak Mohanty
3) Narasimham
4) Syamala Gopinath
5) Goparia

34. The decade 1990-2000 is the era of Techsavvy private banks. Which are established during this period?
1) Global Trust Bank
2) UTI bank
3) ICICI
4) HDFC
5) All of above

35. Global Trust Bank was merged with ……..?
1) HDFC
2) Oriental Bank of Commerce
3) State Bank of India
4) Syndicate Bank
5) IDBI

36. …………was merged with HDFC bank?
1) Bank of Rajasthan
2) Global Trust Bank
3) Centurion Bank
4) Bank of Bombay
5) Imperial Bank of India

37. …………has offered to India a loan of Rs.6,800 crore for building 24,000 km of all weather roads in the rural seven economically poor and hilly areas States
1) IMF
2) IFC
3) World Bank
4) IDA
5) ADB

38. India’s first indigenous payment gateway is …………?
1) India Expenditure
2) India Payment
3) India Challan
4) India Pay
5) India Rupee

39. …………opened a Lockless branch at Shani Shingnapur (Maharastra) respecting the local customs?
1) State Bank of India
2) Bank of Maharastra
3) Union Bank of India 4) ICICI
5) UCO bank

40. …………and Life Insurance Corporation of India( LIC) tie up to launch Credit-Card services to the customers and employees of LIC?
1) Axis Bank
2) ICICI
3) State Bank of India
4) HDFC
5) Kotak Mahendra Bank

41. Tehri Hydro Development Corporation got $ 648 million from …………?
1) IMF
2) IDA
3) ADB
4) AFD
5) IBRD

42. On 10 August 2011, in which state National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) proposed to give huge loans in the endosulfan-hit areas?
1) Odisha
2) Andhra Pradesh
3) Uttar Pradesh
4) West Bengal
5) Kerala

43. The best alternative banking service to branch banking to be the part of Financial Inclusion?
1) Establishment of small branches
2) Setup ATMs
3) Issuing of ATM cards
4) Giving Credit Cards
5) Mobile banking

44. Giving focused attention to integrated development of infrastructure in selected cities is the main theme of …………scheme?
1) PURA
2) JNNURM
3) MGNREGA
4) IAY
5) RAY

45. ………..became first state to sign an agreement on Emission Reduction Purchase with the World Bank to curb the carbon emissions?
1) Andhra Pradesh
2) Himachal Pradesh
3) Haryana
4) Goa
5) Maharashtra

46. MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region is the familiar for ………… industry?
1) Toy
2) Leather
3) Petroleum
4) Cotton
5) Fruits

47. The Award list given. Pick the correct one?
1) 12th IIFA (International Indian Film Academy) top awards announced in Toranto
2) Life Achievement Award got by Asha Bhonsle
3) Best film award got by Dabangg
4) Best Actor Award got by Shahrukh Khan
5) All of above

48. Guido Mantega used the word ‘Currency War’ referring …………?
1) India
2) China
3) New Zeland
4) Russia
5) USA

ANSWERS
1)3 2)5 3)4 4)5 5)3 6)2 7)3 8)3 9)3 10)3
11)2 12)2 13)5 14)4 15)1 16)5 17)1 18)4
19)4 20)3 21)1 22)3 23)3 24)1 25)4 26)3
27)3 28)5 29)1 30)5 31)5 32)4 33)3 34)5
35)2 36)3 37)3 38)4 39)5 40)1 41)5 42)5
43)5 44)2 45)2 46)3 47)5 48)2.

SI Base Units-SI units and prefixes

Posted by admin On August - 26 - 2011
SI Base Units
Quantity
Unit
Symbol
Length
meter
m
Mass
kilogram
kg
Time
second
s
Temperature
kelvin
K
Amount of Substance
mole
mol
Electric current
ampere
A
Luminous intensity
candela
cd
SI Derived Units
Quantity
Unit
Symbol
Area
Length squared
m2
Volume
Length cubed
m3
Density
Mass per cubic volume
kg/m3
Speed
Distance traveled per unit time
m/s
Acceleration
Speed changed per unit time
m/s2
Force
Mass time acceleration of object
kg . m/s2
Pressure
Force per unit area
kg/(m.s2)
Energy
Force times distance traveled
kg.m2/s2
SI Prefixes
Multiple
Prefix
Symbol
1018
exa
E
1015
peta
P
1012
tera
T
109
giga
G
106
mega
M
103
kilo
k
102
hecto
h
10
deka
da
10-1
deci
d
10-2
centi
c
10-3
milli
m
10-6
micro
µ
10-9
nano
n
10-12
pico
p
10-15
femto
f
10-18
atto
a

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Commonly Used Abbreviations in Life Science Research

Posted by admin On August - 26 - 2011

3Hyp – Code for the uncommon amino acid 3-hydroxyproline.
4Hyp
– Code for the uncommon amino acid 4-hydroxyproline.
4F1G
– 4% formaldehyde and 1% gluteraldehyde.
5-FOA
– 5-Fluoroacetic acid.

A
A – (1) Adenine or adenosine; (2) One letter code for the amino acid alanine.
A260 – Absorbance as measured at 260nm.
aa – aminoacyl
Aad
Three letter code for the uncommon amino acid 3-aminoadipic acid.
AbuThree letter code for the uncommon amino acid 2-aminobutyric acid.
ac – Acetyl.
Ac – Symbol for the element actinium.
ACD – blood anticoagulant
ADP – Adenosine 5′-diphosphate.
Ade – Three letter code for adenine.
Ado – Three letter code for adenosine.
Ag – Symbol for the element silver.
aHyl – Code for the uncommon amino acid allo-hydroxylysine.
aIle – Code for the uncommon amino acid allo-isoleucine.
Al – Symbol for the element aluminum.
Ala – Three letter code for the amino acid alanine.
Am – Symbol for the element americium.
AMP – Adenosine monophosphate.
an – Anisoyl.
AP
– Alkaline phosphatase.
Apm – Three letter code for the uncommon amino acid 3-aminopimelic acid.
Ar – Symbol for the element argon.
Arg – Three letter code for the amino acid arginine.
As – Symbol for the element arsenic.
Asn – Three letter code for the amino acid asparagine.
Asp – Three letter code for the amino acid aspartic acid.
At – Symbol for the element astatine.
ATP – Adenosine 5′-triphosphate.
Au – Symbol for the element gold.

B
B – (1) Symbol for the element boron; (2) One letter code for bromouridine.
Ba – Symbol for the element barium.
BAP – Bacterial alkaline phosphatase.
BCIP – 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl phosphate.
Be – Symbol for the element beryllium.
bh – Benzhydryl.
Bh – Symbol for the element bohrium.
Bi – Symbol for the element bismuth.
Bio-dNTP – Biotin-deoxynucleoside triphosphate.
Bk – Symbol for the element berkelium.
bp – Nucleotide base pair.
br – Bromo.
Br – Symbol for the element bromine.
BrUrd – Abbreviation for bromouridine.
BSA – Bovine serum albumin.
B/W – Blue/White cloning.
bz – Benzoyl.
bzl – Benzyl.

C
C – (1) Cytosine or cytidine; (2) One letter code for the amino acid cysteine; (3) Symbol for the element carbon; (4) One letter code for the amino acid cysteine.
Ca – Symbol for the element calcium.
CA – Casamino acids.
Cd – Symbol for the element cadmium.
cDNA – Complementary deoxyribonucleic acid
Ce – Symbol for the element cerium.
Cf – Symbol for the element californium.
Ci – Curie
CIAP – Calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase.
cl – Chloro.
Cl – Symbol for the element chlorine.
Cm – Symbol for the element curium.
Co – Symbol for the element cobalt.
cpm – Counts per minute.
Cr – Symbol for the element chromium.
Cs – Symbol for the element cesium.
CTP – Cytidine 5′-triphosphate.
Cu – Symbol for the element copper.
Cyd – Three letter code for Cytidine
Cys – Three letter code for the amino acid cysteine.
Cyt – Three letter code for cytosine.

D
D – (1) One letter code for the amino acid aspartic acid; (2) One letter code for dihydrouridine.
Da – Dalton.
dAMP – Deoxyadenosine monophosphate.
dATP – Deoxyadenosine triphosphate.
Db – Symbol for the element dubnium (formerly unnipentium).
Dbu – Three letter code for the uncommon amino acid 2,4-diaminobutyric acid.
dCTP – Deoxycytidine triphosphate.
ddATP – Dideoxyadenosine triphosphate.
ddCTP – Dideoxycytidine triphosphate.
ddGTP – Dideoxyguanosine triphosphate.
ddNTP – Dideoxynucleoside triphosphate.
DEPC – Diethyl pyrocarbonate.
DIG – Digoxigenin.
dGTP – Deoxyguanosine triphosphate.
DMSO – Dimethyl sulfoxide.
dmt – Dimethoxytrityl.
DNA – Deoxyribonucleic acid.
DNase – Deoxyribonuclease.
dns – Dansyl.
dNTP – Deoxynucleoside triphosphate.
dpm – Disintegrations per minute.
Dpm – Three letter code for the uncommon amino acid 2,2′-diaminopimelic acid.
Dpr – Three letter code for the uncommon amino acid 2,3-diaminopropionic acid.
ds – Double stranded.
DTT – Dithiothreitol
dTTP – Deoxythymidine triphosphate.
dUTP – Deoxyuridine triphosphate.
Dy – Symbol for the element dysprosium.

E
E – (1) One letter code for the amino acid glutamic acid; (2) abbreviation for ethyl.
EDTA – Ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid.
EGTA – Ethylene glycol tetracetic acid.
ELISA – Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
EMBL – European Molecular Biology Laboratory
ENDO – Endodeoxyribonuclease assay.
Er – Symbol for the element erbium.
Es – Symbol for the element einsteinium.
Eu – Symbol for the element europium.
exo – Exonuclease.
EXO – 5′ and 3′ exodeoxyribonuclease assay.

F
F – (1) Symbol for the element fluorine; (2) One letter symbol for the amino acid phenylalanine (3) formyl.
fa – Formylaminoacyl.
Fe – Symbol for the element iron.
fl – Fluoro.
Fm – Symbol for the element fermium.
FOA – 5-Fluoroacetic acid.
Fr – Symbol for the element francium.

G
G – (1) Guanine or Guanosine; (2) One letter code for the amino acid glycine.
Ga – Symbol for the element gallium.
Gal – D-galactose.
Gd – Symbol for the element gadolinium.
Ge – Symbol for the element germanium.
Gln – Three letter code for the amino acid glutamine.
Glu – Three letter code for the amino acid glutamic acid.
Gly – Three letter code for the amino acid glycine.
GTGB – Glycerol tolerant gel buffer.
Gua – Three letter code for guanine.
Guo – Three letter code for guanosine.
GUS – Beta-D-glucuronidase.

H
H – (1) Symbol for the element hydrogen; (2) One letter code for the amino acid histidine; (3) dihydro.
HBSS – Hank’s Buffered Salt Solution.
He – Symbol for the element helium.
HEPES – N-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N’-(2-ethanesulfonic acid).
Hf – Symbol for the element hafnium.
Hg – Symbol for the element mercury.
His – Three letter code for the amino acid histidine.
hm – Hydroxymethyl.
ho – Hydroxy.
Ho – Symbol for the element holmium.
HRP – Horseradish peroxidase.
HPLC – High performance liquid chromatography.
Hs – Symbol for the element hassium.
hU – Symbol for dihydrouridine.
Hyl – Three letter code for the uncommon amino acid hydroxylysine.
Hyp – Three letter code for hypoxanthine.

I
I
– (1) Symbol for the element iodine; (2) One letter code for the amino acid isoleucine; (3) One letter code for inosine; (4) Isopentenyl.
IEF
– Isoelectric focusing.
Ile – Three letter code for the amino acid isoleucine.
In – Symbol for the element indium.
Ino – Three letter code for inosine.
io – Iodo.
IPTG – Isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside.
Ir – Symbol for the element iridium.

K
K – (1) Symbol for the element potassium; (2) One letter code for the amino acid lysine.
kb – Kilobase.
kDa – KiloDalton.
Kr – Symbol for the element krypton.

L
L – One letter code for the amino acid leucine.
La – Symbol for the element lanthanum.
LB – Luria Bertani media.
Leu – Three letter code for the amino acid leucine.
Li – Symbol for the element lithium.
Lr – Symbol for the element lawrencium.
Lu – Symbol for the element lutetium.
Lys – Three letter code for the amino acid lysine.

M
M – (1) One letter code for the amino acid methionine; (2) One letter code for thioinosine; (3) Methyl.
MCS – Multiple cloning site.
Md – Symbol for the element mendelevium.
MeGly – Code for the uncommon amino acid N-methylglycine.
Met – Three letter code for the amino acid methionine.
Mg – Symbol for the element magnesium.
MMLV – Moloney murine leukemia virus.
mmt – Monomethoxytrityl.
Mn – Symbol for the element manganese.
Mo – Symbol for the element molybdenum.
MOPS – 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid.
mRNA – Messenger ribonucleic acid.
Mt – Symbol for the element meitnerium.
MW – Molecular weight.

N
N – (1) Nucleotide or nucleoside; (2) Symbol for the element nitrogen; (3) One letter code for the amino acid asparagine.
Na – Symbol for the element sodium.
NAD – Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
NADH – Reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.
NADP – Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate.
NADPH – Reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phophate.
Nb – Symbol for the element niobium.
NBT
– Nitro blue tetrazolium.
Nd – Symbol for the element neodymium.
Ne – Symbol for the element neon.
Ni – Symbol for the element nickel.
Nle – Three letter code for the uncommon amino acid norisoleucine.
No – Symbol for the element nobelium.
Np – Symbol for the element neptunium.
NP-40 – Nonidet P-40.
nt – Nucleotide.
NTP – Nucleoside triphosphate.
Nuc – Three letter code for nucleotide or nucleoside.
Nva – Three letter code for the uncommon amino acid norvaline.
NZCYM – NZ amine, NaCl, bacto-yeast extract, casamino acids, and magnesium sulfate.
NZM – NZ amine, NaCl, and magnesium sulfate.
NZYM – NZ amine, NaCl, bacto-yeast extract, and magnesium sulfate.

O
O
– (1) Symbol for the element oxygen; (2) One letter code for orotidine.
oh
– Hydroxy.
oilgo(dT)
– Oligodeoxythymidylic acid.
OMP – Orotidine monophosphate.
Ord – Three letter code for orotidine.
Orn – Three letter code for the uncommon amino acid ornithine.
Oro – Three letter code for orotate.
Os – Symbol for the element osmium.

P
P – (1) Symbol for the element phosphorus; (2) One letter code for the amino acid proline.
Pa – Symbol for the element protoactinium.
Pb – Symbol for the element lead.
PBMC – Peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Pd – Symbol for the element palladium.
PAGE – Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
PBS – Phosphate buffered saline.
PCR – Polymerase chain reaction.
PEI – Polyethylenimine.
PEG – Polyethylene glycol.
Phe – Three letter code for the amino acid phenylalanine
Pi – Inorganic phosphate.
PIPES – Piperazine-N,N’-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid).
Pm – Symbol for the element promethium.
Po – Symbol for the element polonium.
Pr – Symbol for the element praseodymium.
Pro – Three letter symbol for the amino acid proline.
Pt – Symbol for the element platinum.
PNK – Polynucleotide kinase.
poly(A) – Polyadenylic acid.
poly(A)+ – Polyadenylated (mRNA).
poly(dA-dT) – Poly (deoxyadenlic acid – deoxythymidylic acid).
poly(dT) – Polydeoxythymidylic acid.
Pu – Symbol for the element plutonium.
Puo – Thee letter code for purine nucleoside.
Pur – Three letter code for purine.
Pyd – Thee letter code for pyrimidine nucleoside.
Pyr – Three letter code for pyrimidine.

Q
Q – One letter code for the amino acid glutamine.

R
R – (1) One letter code for the amino acid arginine; (2) One letter code for a purine nucleoside or nucleotide.
Ra – Symbol for the element radium.
RBC – Red blood cell.
Rb – Symbol for the element rubidium.
Re – Symbol for the element rhenium.
Rf – Symbol for the element rutherfordium (formerly unniquadium).
Rh – Symbol for the element rhodium.
Rn – Symbol for the element radon.
RNA – Ribonucleic acid.
RNAse – Ribonuclease.
rRNA – Ribosomal ribonucleic acid.
RT – Reverse transcriptase.
Ru – Symbol for the element ruthenium.

S
S – (1) Symbol for the element sulfur; (2) One letter code for the amino acid serine; (3) One letter code for thiouridine; (4) Thio or Mercapto.
Sar – Three letter code for the uncommon amino acid sarcosine.
Sb – Symbol for the element antimony.
Sc – Symbol for the element scandium.
SDS – Sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Se – Symbol for the element selenium.
Ser – Three letter code for the amino acid serine.
Sg – Symbol for the element seaborgium.
Shyp – Abbreviation for mercaptopurine.
Si – Symbol for the element silicon.
SIno – Abbreviation for for thioinosine.
Sm – Symbol for the element samarium.
Sn – Symbol for the element tin.
Sno – Three letter code for thioinosine.
Sr – Symbol for the element strontium.
Srd – Three letter code for thiouridine.
ss – Single stranded.
SSC – Sodium chloride/sodium citrate buffer.
SSPE – Sodium chloride/sodium phosphate/EDTA buffer.
SU – Two letter code for thiouridine.
Sur – Three letter code for thiouracil.
SUra – Abbreviation for thiouracil.
Syp – Three letter code for mercaptopurine.

T
T – (1) Thymine or thymidine; (2) One letter code for the amino acid threonine; (3) One letter code for ribothymidine.
Ta – Symbol for the element tantalum.
TAE – Tris/acetate/EDTA buffer.
Tb – Symbol for the element terbium.
TBE – Tris/borate/EDTA buffer.
TBS (1X) – Tris buffered saline.
TBST – Tris buffered saline with tween-20.
Tc – Symbol for the element technietium.
TdT – Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase.
Te – Symbol for the element tellurium.
TE – Tris/EDTA buffer.
TEMED – N’,N’,N’,N’-Tetramethylethylenediamine.
TES – (1) N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid; (2) Tris, EDTA, and sodium chloride.
TGB – Tris glycine buffer.
Th – Symbol for the element thorium.
Thd – Three letter code for ribothymidine.
thp – Tetrahydropyranyl.
Thr – Three letter code for the amino acid threonine.
Thy – Three letter code for thymine.
Tl – Symbol for the element thalium.
Ti – Symbol for the element titanium.
TLC – Thin layer chromotography.
Tm – Melting temperature.
Tm – Symbol for the element thulium.
TMB – 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine.
TNE – Tris and NaEDTA.
tos – Tosyl.
TPE – Tris/phosphate/EDTA buffer.
tr
– Trityl.
TRICINE
– N-Tris(hydroxymethyl)methylglycine.
Tris – Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane.
Trp – Three letter code for the amino acid tryptophan.
tRNA – Transfer ribonucleic acid.
TSY – Trypticase soy yeast.
Tyr – Three letter code for the amino acid tyrosine.

U
U – (1) Uracil or uridine; (2) Symbol for the element uranium.
Ura – Three letter code for uracil.
Urd – Three letter code for uridine.
UTP – Uridine triphosphate.
Uub – Symbol for the element ununbium.
Uun – Symbol for the element ununnilium.
Uuu – Symbol for the element unununium.
UV – Ultraviolet.

V
V
– (1) Symbol for the element vanadium; (2) One letter code for the amino acid valine.
Val
– Three letter code for the amino acid valine.
v/v
- volume/volume

W
W – (1) Symbol for the element tungsten; (2) One letter code for the amino acid tryptophan.
w/v – weight/volume

X
X – One letter code for unkown or other uncommon amino acid.
X-Gal – 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside.
X-Gluc – 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indoyl-beta-D-glucuronic acid.
Xan – Three letter code for xanthine.
Xe – Symbol for the element xenon.

Y
Y – (1) Symbol for the element yttrium; (2) One letter code for the amino acid tyrosine; (3) One letter code for a pyrimidine nucleoside or nucleotide.
Yb – Symbol for the element ytterbium.
YMG – Yeast and malt extract with glucose.
YPD Media – Yeast extract/peptone/dextrose.
YPG Media – Yeast extract/peptone/galactose.
YT Media – Yeast extract/tryptone.

Z
Zn – Symbol for the element zinc.
Zr – Symbol for the element zirconium.

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